《保险研究》20200407-《我国交强险消费者福利调查研究》（魏丽、杨斐滟）

［摘   要］近年来,交强险的公平性成为学术研究的关注点之一。本文利用2017年全国机动车保险消费者调查数据及二元Logit模型和广义排序Logit模型,从保费合理性、保障充分性、理赔满意度三个角度,分析、比较了不同类型投保人的消费者福利水平。研究结果显示,在保费合理性方面,低风险车型投保人主观感知福利水平高于高风险车型投保人,但是客观存在低风险投保人补贴高风险投保人的现象；在保障充分性方面,低风险车型投保人福利水平高于高风险车型投保人；在理赔满意度方面,低风险车型投保人和高风险车型投保人福利水平无明显差异。进一步分析发现,中部投保人福利水平高于东、西部投保人,大公司投保人福利水平高于小公司投保人,拥有理赔经历或保险素养较高的投保人享有较高的消费者福利。基于以上结论,本文提出了完善交强险制度的有关建议。

［关键词］交强险；消费者福利；保费合理性；保障充分性；理赔满意度

［作者简介］魏丽,中国人民大学财政金融学院教授、博士生导师,中国人民大学中国保险研究所所长、中国财政金融政策研究中心研究员,主要研究方向:保险精算、保险经济学、保险资金运用、保险公司治理、金融风险管理；杨斐滟,中国人民大学财政金融学院博士研究生。

The Consumer Welfare of China’s Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance

WEI Li,YANG Fei-yan

Abstract：In recent years,the fairness of the compulsory automobile liability insurance (CALI) has become one of the important topics in academic research. Based on the data from Domestic Automobile Insurance Consumer Survey in 2017,this paper analyzed the consumer welfare levels of different insureds from the perspectives of fairness of premium,adequacy of coverage and satisfaction of claims,by employing Binary Logit model and Generalized Ordered Logit Model. The results imply that in terms of fairness of premium,the subjectively perceived welfare level of insureds with low-risk vehicles is higher than that of insureds with high-risk vehicles,but insureds with low-risk vehicles have subsidized those with high-risk vehicles. In the aspect of adequacy of coverage,insureds with low-risk vehicles enjoy higher consumer welfare than those with high-risk vehicles. As for satisfaction of claims,there is no significant difference in the welfare level of insureds with different vehicles. Moreover,insureds in central China have the greatest consumer welfare among those from all regions,and the consumer welfare of insureds of large companies exceeds that of small and medium-sized companies. In addition,insureds who have ever made a claim or achieved higher insurance literacy enjoy higher consumer welfare. Finally,based on the above conclusions,this paper proposes several suggestions for improving the system of CALI.

Key words：Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance;consumer welfare;fairness of premium;adequacy of coverage;satisfaction of claims