《保险研究》20190806-《认知能力对中老年家庭商业保险需求的影响》（王晓全、贾昊文、殷崔红）

［摘   要］随着我国人口老龄化进程不断加快,中老年家庭面临的风险日益增多,但中老年家庭商业保险需求却很低。认知能力随中老年人年龄的增加而降低,可能对中老年家庭的商业保险需求产生不利影响。本文基于2014年中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据,选用字词能力、数学能力、记忆能力作为衡量认知能力的指标,用Probit和Tobit模型实证研究了认知能力对中老年家庭商业保险需求的影响。研究结果表明,排除可能的内生性影响后,认知能力对中老年家庭商业保险需求意愿和需求程度都具有显著的正向影响,且结果具有稳健性；同时发现社会交往和风险偏好是认知能力影响中老年家庭商业保险需求的两个重要渠道。本文研究结果有助于更好地认识中老年家庭商业保险需求不足的原因,对保险公司设计保险产品和政府制定相关政策都具有一定的启示作用。

［关键词］认知能力；中老年家庭；商业保险需求

［作者简介］王晓全,西南财经大学保险学院副教授,研究方向:保险经济学,E-mail:wangxq_163@163.com；贾昊文,西南财经大学经济与管理研究院,博士研究生,研究方向:保险经济学、城市经济学；殷崔红,西南财经大学保险学院讲师,研究方向:非寿险精算、风险管理。

The Impacts of Cognitive Ability on Demand for Commercial Insurance in Middle and Elderly-aged Households—Empirical Evidences from CFPS Data

WANG Xiao-quan,JIA Hao-wen,YIN Cui-hong

Abstract：With the aging process being accelerating in China,the middle and elderly-aged households face with more and more risks. However,these families have very low insurance demands. The cognitive abilities decrease with age,which may impact their insurance demands negatively. Based on the CFPS data in 2014,we used word ability,mathematical ability and memory ability as variables to measure cognitive abilities,and employed Probit and Tobit models to study the impact of cognitive abilities on middle and elderly-aged households' demands for commercial insurance empirically. The results show that cognitive abilities have significant positive effects on the willingness and degree of demand for commercial insurance after excluding the possible endogenous effects,and the results are robust. It is found that social interaction and risk attitude are the two possible channels through which cognitive abilities can influence the demands. The research results are helpful to understand the reasons for the low demands for commercial insurance of these families,and have enlightenments for insurance companies to design insurance products and the government to make insurance policies.

Key words：cognitive ability;middle and elderly-aged households;commercial insurance demand