《保险研究》20260101-《专利保险与技术要素跨区域协同——兼论全国统一大市场建设》（袁辉、刘心成、张继伟）

［摘   要］推动技术要素跨区域协同，是加快推进全国统一大市场建设的重要内容。专利保险作为分散知识产权风险的重要科技金融工具，在提升企业跨区域创新合作方面发挥关键作用。本文基于2008~2020年我国上市公司与其异地子公司的联合申请专利数据，以专利保险试点为准自然实验，采用双重差分法系统考察了专利保险政策对技术要素跨区域协同的影响。研究发现，专利保险显著提升了试点地区上市公司与其异地子公司联合申请的专利数量，说明其有效促进了企业跨区域创新合作，增强了技术要素跨区域协同。机制检验表明，专利保险能够通过缓解企业融资约束、增强风险承担能力以及降低研发不确定性，促进企业跨区域创新合作。异质性分析显示，该政策对国有企业、成长型企业以及高科技企业的促进作用更加显著。进一步分析表明，专利保险可以通过促进技术要素跨区域协同进而强化全国统一大市场建设。本文揭示了科技金融工具支持统一大市场建设的作用，为完善专利保险政策体系和构建统一高效的技术要素市场提供了理论支撑与经验证据。

［关键词］专利保险；科技金融；技术要素；跨区域协同；统一大市场

［基金项目］中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目“科技保险如何赋能科技型中小企业？——风险分散与融资增信机制研究”（202510510）。

［作者简介］袁辉，中南财经政法大学金融学院教授、博士生导师，研究方向：保险制度与政策；刘心成（通讯作者），中南财经政法大学金融学院博士研究生，研究方向：科技保险；张继伟，北京大学城市与环境学院、北京大学-林肯研究院城市发展与土地政策研究中心博士研究生，研究方向：财政金融。

Patent Insurance and Cross-Regional Collaboration of Technological Factors—With Additional Discussion on the Construction of a Unified National Market

YUAN Hui，LIU Xin-cheng，ZHANG Ji-wei

Abstract：Promoting cross-regional collaboration of technological factors is a key component in accelerating the development of a unified national market.As an important sci-tech finance instrument for mitigating intellectual property risks，patent insurance plays a crucial role in enhancing firms’ cross-regional innovation cooperation.Using data on joint patent applications between Chinese listed companies and their non-local subsidiaries from 2008 to 2020，this paper takes the patent insurance pilot program as a quasi-natural experiment and employs a difference-in-differences approach to systematically examine the impact of patent insurance policies on firms’ cross-regional collaboration of technological factors.The results show that patent insurance significantly increases the number of joint patent applications between listed companies and their non-local subsidiaries in pilot regions，indicating its effectiveness in promoting cross-regional innovation cooperation and strengthening cross-regional collaboration of technological factors.Mechanism tests further reveal that patent insurance facilitates cross-regional collaborative innovation mainly by easing firms’ financing constraints，enhancing their risk-bearing capacity，and reducing R & D uncertainty.Heterogeneity analysis indicates that the positive effects are more pronounced among state-owned enterprises，growth-oriented firms，and high-tech firms.Additional analysis suggests that patent insurance can reinforce the development of a unified national market by fostering cross-regional collaboration of technological factors.This study highlights the role of sci-tech finance instruments in supporting the construction of a unified national market and provides both theoretical insights and empirical evidence for improving the patent insurance policy system and building a unified and efficient market for technological factors.

Key words：patent insurance;sci-tech finance;technological factors;cross-regional collaboration;unified national market