《保险研究》20260206-《我国邮轮旅客强制责任保险制度研究》（初北平、张辰熙）

［摘   要］2025年修订的《海商法》确立了邮轮旅客强制责任保险制度，但原则性规定在适用中面临投保主体不明、承保范围模糊等挑战，因此，本文重点探讨邮轮旅客强制责任保险制度的适用性。本研究立足于邮轮旅客运输与旅游服务的双重属性，明确邮轮旅客强制责任保险制度的商法定位。创设“邮轮旅游经营者”概念，通过法律解释限定了投保义务人范围及承保范围。本文设计了邮轮旅客强制责任保险合同的投保人、保险责任、保险金额等基本要素。基于经济模型测算，论证了在2025～2035年间将单位人次保费设定为210元、保险金额设定为55227 SDR的方案兼具经济可行性与保障充分性。最后，应在《国际海运条例》修订中引入“保险与运输经营许可挂钩”机制，构建“法律解释明确主体、行政许可强制投保、市场机制调节费率”的实施路径，为我国邮轮旅客强制责任保险制度的落地提供法理依据与路径参考。

［关键词］邮轮旅客强制责任保险；新《海商法》；邮轮旅游经营者；投保人

［作者简介］初北平，法学博士，大连海事大学法学院兼职博士生导师，上海海事大学法学院教授；张辰熙，大连海事大学法学院博士研究生。

A Research on the Compulsory Liability Insurance System for Cruise Ship Passengers in China

CHU Bei-Ping，ZHANG Chen-Xi

Abstract：The new Maritime Code revised in 2025 establishes the Compulsory Liability Insurance System for Cruise Ship Passengers.But its application is undermined by challenges such as unidentified policyholder and ambiguous scope of liability.Therefore，this paper mainly delves into the applicability of the Compulsory Liability Insurance System for Cruise Ship Passengers.Taking into consideration of the dual nature of cruise ship transportation and tourism service，it clarifies the maritime law positioning of the insurance，creates the concept of “cruise tourism operator”，and delineate the scope of eligible policyholders and the scope of liability coverage.The paper also designs the basic elements of the contract of Compulsory Liability Insurance System for Cruise Ship Passengers，such as the policyholder，the insurance liability and the sum assured，etc..Based on the projection of an economic model，it concludes that the insurance plan with the premium of 210 yuan per person/time and the sum assured of 55227 SDR is economically feasible and sufficient in terms of liability coverage.Finally，the paper suggests that the mechanism of “linking insurance with transportation operation licensing” should be introduced in the revision of the International Maritime Code，and the implementation pathway of “ clarifying the subjects involved through legal interpretation，enforcing mandatory insurance through administration licensing，and adjusting premium rate through market mechanism” should be established，thus offering legal basis and pathway reference for the implementation of the Compulsory Liability Insurance System for Cruise Ship Passengers.

Key words：Compulsory Liability Insurance for Cruise Ship Passengers；new Maritime Code；cruise tourism operator；the policyholder